How Does Reverse Osmosis Water Treatment Work?
Reverse Osmosis filtration works to reduce a wide range of organic and inorganic substances that can be found in drinking water. Unlike pitcher filters or refrigerator filters, an RO system typically has several stages of filtration.
The first is a pre-filter that protects the RO membrane by removing sand silt and rust to prevent clogging. The second is a carbon filter that removes chlorine and chloramines.
Melt Blown Polypropylene
Melt-blown polypropylene is a porous nonwoven fabric that can filter liquids and gases. It is used in a variety of applications, including water treatment and face masks. This type of polypropylene is also ideal for filtration in reverse osmosis systems. It removes rust and sediment particles from drinking water. It is available in a number of sizes, from 5 to 20 microns. These sediment filters are an economical solution for your drinking water filtration system.
The melt-blown process uses a high-quality PP nonwoven fabric that is stretched, heated, and blown to form long fibers. This allows for greater surface area and higher permeability than traditional spun-bonded or needlepunch materials. It is also easier to handle and clean. The result is a high-performance filter that provides superior durability.
In the normal osmosis process, pure solvent moves across a selective membrane to equalize solute concentrations on each side of the Reverse Osmosis Water Treatment membrane. The application of pressure reverses this natural flow and generates osmotic pressure to remove solute molecules from the solution. This is the basis of the reverse osmosis water treatment process.
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Pleated Filters
A quality reverse osmosis system starts with a polypropylene spun sediment filter which removes visible particulate from your water. This first stage of the filtration process keeps the semipermeable membrane and carbon filters in your system from becoming clogged. Systems that include this type of pre-filter are able to produce much more pure drinking water than those with cheaper filters which require frequent replacement.
A reverse osmosis system’s semi-permeable membrane separates the water from contaminants by allowing passage based on size and molecular charge. This is different than the way air filters work, which only filter particles by size. Typically, only water molecules can pass through the RO membrane. However, some small contaminants such as dissolved copper and chlorine may also be present.
Reverse osmosis systems are most commonly used to remove chlorine from municipal city water, but can be useful for well owners as well. Private wells usually contain more contaminants than municipal city water because they are not treated in a centralized location. A quality reverse osmosis system is an effective way to keep those pollutants at bay and make your home’s drinking water safer and healthier.
Pitcher and faucet filters are a great choice for addressing chlorine issues, but if you’re looking for a more comprehensive solution, an under-sink reverse osmosis system is the best option. These systems have a sizable storage tank and multiple stages of filtration which reduce a wide range of potential Filling Machine Supplier contaminants. Some systems even include a post-tank polishing filter to further reduce residual tastes and odors.
String Wound Filters
Many people choose to purchase a reverse osmosis system for their well water because of EPA regulations that set strict limits on contaminants. Despite EPA regulations, some contaminants can still enter aquifers and rivers and find their way into your home’s drinking water. An RO system reduces these contaminants and provides healthy, clean, delicious water for your family.
Sediment filters (also known as depth filters) are another type of filter used in Reverse Osmosis systems. The layered string wound around the core of these cartridges reduces sediment particles by trapping them in each layer. The first layer filters out bigger sediments that are larger than the micron rating, while smaller particles slip past and pass through subsequent layers of the filtration media.
Like other cotton-based filtration products, these strings are spun and wound with a series of chemicals (lubricants, surfactants, antioxidants, bactericides and emulsifiers) applied to the yarn during textile processing. These added chemicals leach out of the filters when they are used and can negatively impact filtration results.
In addition to removing harmful impurities, these sediment filters also have good filtration efficiency and high dirt holding/retention capabilities. String wound filters are available in a variety of sizes and micron ratings to suit your specific water filtration needs. An expert will help you determine which size and micron rating is best for your application.
Reverse Osmosis Membranes
Reverse Osmosis is a process that uses water pressure to force your household’s water through a semi-permeable membrane. The membrane allows only water molecules through while catching contaminants such as dissolved salts, organic materials and bacteria. This happens because water naturally moves from an area of lower concentration of pure H2O to an area of higher concentration. This movement is driven by the difference in osmotic pressure, which occurs without any external energy. The RO system uses external pressure to reverse this natural process by applying a high level of water pressure to the more saline side of the membrane.
In addition to removing dissolved salts, the membrane removes a large percentage of chlorine, making for healthy drinking water. The first cartridge in a typical four-stage RO system is a sediment filter that helps to strain out larger sediment particles that might damage the delicate RO membrane. A carbon prefilter is also used in many systems to reduce chlorine and other contaminants that can shorten the lifespan of the membrane.
A RO system produces a lot of waste water, which can build up in a storage tank or be flushed down the drain. An optional permeate pump can be installed to help reduce the amount of water that is wasted. This pump will automatically shut off the flow of waste water to your drain when the storage tank is full. This extra feature increases your system’s efficiency and allows you to use the rejected water for gardening, car washing and more!